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Air holes turn silicon wafers into flat ultraviolet focusing mirrors for compact optics
Science News

Air holes turn silicon wafers into flat ultraviolet focusing mirrors for compact optics

Traditional lenses and mirrors focus light using curved surfaces. Metasurfaces can achieve similar functions with a flat layer of nanoscale structures that locally control the phase of light. Extending these flat optics into the ultraviolet could support compact systems for high-resolution imaging, spectroscopy, and sensing, but it introduces a fundamental materials problem: many of the materials used to make metasurfaces strongly absorb UV light.

📅 2026-11-06 22:00:01    •    Phys.org
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How a metabolite protects the enzyme that consumes it
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How a metabolite protects the enzyme that consumes it

Metabolites are consumed by enzymes to produce other vital molecules as well as to control metabolite levels. But how do cells avoid consuming too much? Researchers from the MPI of Biochemistry, with the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, and the de Duve Institute in Brussels, have deciphered such molecular regulation in tryptophan metabolism. The essential amino acid tryptophan binds to a second site on the enzyme TDO2, distinct from where it is consumed. This sequesters a region needed by two effectors, the kinase CK2 and the ubiquitin ligase CUL1–β-TrCP, which act sequentially to signal TDO2 degradation. The findings are now published in Molecular Cell.

📅 2026-11-06 21:40:01    •    Phys.org
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New method measures microplastics in the air using an uncrewed aerial system
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New method measures microplastics in the air using an uncrewed aerial system

Microplastics have been found in our bodies and the food we eat—and even in remote environments around the world, including seawater and ice in the Arctic. Despite their prevalence, little is known about how they move through the atmosphere. New CIRES-led research, which demonstrates a new method for sampling microplastics in the atmosphere using an uncrewed aerial system (UAS), aims to change that. The findings are published in the journal Scientific Reports.

📅 2026-11-06 21:20:04    •    Phys.org
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Future warming events will outdo the extreme heat waves of the recent past, new study finds
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Future warming events will outdo the extreme heat waves of the recent past, new study finds

The extreme heat waves we have seen over the last few years may only serve as a preview of what is to come as a result of climate change. A new study led by researcher Philipp Aglas-Leitner from Freie Universität Berlin, published in Nature Communications, finds that future heat waves could last longer, impact larger areas, and be much more severe.

📅 2026-11-06 21:00:01    •    Phys.org
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Light-powered method resurrects 'dead-end' compounds for drug discovery
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Light-powered method resurrects 'dead-end' compounds for drug discovery

Throughout the drug development process, which can take a decade or more, tens of thousands of chemical compounds are produced that never go on to become medicines. A Florida State University researcher is part of a team that has discovered a new way to give some of these "dead ends" a second chance at becoming the foundation for tomorrow's blockbuster drugs.

📅 2026-11-06 20:40:01    •    Phys.org
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Quantum gas microscope reveals individual atoms in first tunable three-component Hubbard system
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Quantum gas microscope reveals individual atoms in first tunable three-component Hubbard system

For the first time, an international team of researchers from Germany, Thailand, India, China and the United States has created a three-component Hubbard system with tunable interactions in the laboratory. In doing so, the team used a quantum gas microscope to make the individual atoms visible. The study, published in Science, provides an important foundation for future quantum simulations of nuclear physics and materials science.

📅 2026-11-06 20:20:01    •    Phys.org
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MTG-I2 satellite delivers remarkable first images, capturing a weather view of Europe every 2.5 minutes
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MTG-I2 satellite delivers remarkable first images, capturing a weather view of Europe every 2.5 minutes

Europe's meteorological satellite agency, EUMETSAT, has released the first image from the Flexible Combined Imager (FCI) on board Meteosat Third Generation Imager 2 (MTG-I2), just over two months after the satellite's launch on Aug. 27, 2026. The satellite will provide forecasters with high-resolution observations of Europe every 2.5 minutes. This unprecedented frequency will help forecasters monitor fast-developing weather hazards more closely and support earlier, more precise warnings.

📅 2026-11-06 19:40:10    •    Phys.org
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High-precision timeline helps clarify an ancient magma surge in the North Cascades
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High-precision timeline helps clarify an ancient magma surge in the North Cascades

Where oceanic crust subducts beneath continental crust, belts of volcanoes known as continental arcs can form. Located around the world, these arcs may undergo episodic magma flare-ups—dramatic surges in the flow of magma into the continental crust at rates up to 20 times higher than normal. However, what triggers these extreme surges, which last tens of millions of years, can be unclear.

📅 2026-11-06 19:40:06    •    Phys.org
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AI won't ever make a historically accurate film—but it could help archaeology create better stories
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AI won't ever make a historically accurate film—but it could help archaeology create better stories

Tech billionaire Elon Musk was up in arms about the recent adaptation of Homer's "Odyssey" by director Christopher Nolan, which he heavily criticized for its diverse casting and accused of lacking historical accuracy. Claiming he wanted to show that artificial intelligence could bypass traditional Hollywood studios and deliver a story "historically accurate and true to the art of Homer" at a fraction of the cost, he set his AI Grok Imagine to the task.

📅 2026-11-06 19:20:11    •    Phys.org
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'Mega heat waves' strengthened by interaction between soil moisture, atmospheric pressure and temperature
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'Mega heat waves' strengthened by interaction between soil moisture, atmospheric pressure and temperature

A new study has found that a self-reinforcing interaction between temperature, soil moisture and atmospheric pressure is being triggered at high temperatures, making extreme heat waves 10% hotter than they would otherwise be. The study was published in Science Advances and led by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).

📅 2026-11-06 19:00:08    •    Phys.org
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Smart packaging film 'lights up' under UV as meat loses freshness
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Smart packaging film 'lights up' under UV as meat loses freshness

Food spoilage causes chemical changes that are not always easy to detect by appearance alone. To provide a clearer indication of freshness and quality, researchers at Kyushu University have developed a smart packaging film that changes color and glows under ultraviolet (UV) light as meat loses freshness. Tested with refrigerated mutton, the film responds to compounds released during spoilage, offering two ways to track changes in food quality. The findings are published in the Chemical Engineering Journal.

📅 2026-11-06 18:40:01    •    Phys.org
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SynFit guides enzyme engineering by balancing several useful traits at once
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SynFit guides enzyme engineering by balancing several useful traits at once

Enzymes are biology's tiny chemists. They help build, break and rearrange molecules quickly and precisely. In the lab, scientists have long put enzymes to work making useful chemicals. But nature's enzymes cannot do every reaction a researcher might want. Sometimes scientists need an enzyme to take on a job it did not evolve to do. That's where enzyme engineering comes in—researchers make changes to an enzyme, test how those changes affect what the enzyme does and look for versions that work better.

📅 2026-11-06 18:00:03    •    Phys.org
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'I heard a barnacle'—how paying attention to nature's background noise can reveal animal secrets
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'I heard a barnacle'—how paying attention to nature's background noise can reveal animal secrets

During four days on Washington's Olympic Peninsula, I saw an Olympic marmot, a species found nowhere else on Earth; four bumblebee species working the same lavender plant; three western hermit crab species new to me; and five orcas slicing through the dark water off Ediz Hook. Any one of them could have been the trip's highlight.

📅 2026-11-06 18:00:01    •    Phys.org
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Vibrating mirrors of light create analog of a black hole event horizon
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Vibrating mirrors of light create analog of a black hole event horizon

Optical cavities are pairs of light-trapping mirrors and underpin the operation of lasers, atomic clocks and many types of precision sensors. If the distance between the mirrors is changed rapidly enough, some theories predict that the waves inside them should bunch together into short, intense pulses. So far, however, this prediction has never been tested directly.

📅 2026-11-06 17:40:11    •    Phys.org
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